Audiology and Speech Pathology - SPA (72)

Administered by Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology

Effective Fall 2004

72.152 Introduction to Communication Disorders (3) - This course provides an overview of basic human communication and swallowing processes. An introduction to speech, language, hearing, communication, and swallowing disorders is provided. The profession of communication disorders and roles of audiologists, speech pathologists and educators are discussed.

72.200 Introduction to Audiology (3) - Introduces students to the anatomy, physiology, disorders, basic assessment, and habilitation/rehabilitation of the auditory system.

72.220 Phonetics (3) - Studies of the physiological, acoustical, perceptual, and descriptive aspects of speech and sound production. Primary emphasis is placed on the description, classification, and transcription of speech sounds. Provides a base of knowledge for the diagnosis and treatment of phonemic and phonological disorders of communication.

72.240 Normal Language Acquisition (3) - This is an introductory course on normal language development from birth through adolescence. Theories of language acquisition and cognitive and social foundations for language and communication will be explored. Biological, neurological, sensory, psychological, developmental, and cultural influences on language development will be discussed.

72.320 Speech Pathology I (3) - This course provides a knowledge base for the nature of speech, language, and communication disorders and differences, and swallowing disorders in children. Emphasis is on etiologies, characteristics, anatomical/physiological, acoustic, psychological, developmental, and linguistic and cultural correlates.

72.330 Speech Pathology II (3) - This course provides a knowledge base for the nature of speech, language, and communication disorders and differences, and swallowing disorders in adults. Emphasis is on etiologies, characteristics, anatomical/physiological, acoustic, psychological, developmental, and linguistic and cultural correlates.

72.340 Cognitive/Behavioral Principles in Speech-Language Pathology (3) - This course will cover the fundamentals of behavioral and cognitive theory. Emphasis will be placed upon application in clinical and school settings associated with the delivery of services to speech-language disordered clients.

72.350 Diagnosis and Evaluation in Speech-Language Pathology (3) - This course provides a knowledge base for the assessment and differential diagnosis of speech and language disorders. It focuses on tests and measurement issues in speech-language pathology. Students acquire knowledge and skills of interviewing, planning assessment batteries, test administration, scoring and interpretation, clinical report writing and conferencing, and counseling skills. Prerequisite(s): 72.220, 72.240.

72.360 Clinical Observation (3) - This course provides observation experiences within the scope of practice of speech-language pathology and audiology under the direction of an ASHA certified professional. Students acquire a minimum of 25 observation hours for ASHA certification and gain information on professional credentialing, contemporary issues, and ethical conduct. Prerequisite: 60 credits or junior standing.

72.400 Auditory Training and Speech Reading (3) - Introduces the student to historical and current theories and methods of aural habilitation/rehabilitation. Discussions on the implications of hearing loss on daily life in ideal and poor communication settings. Prerequisite: 72.200.

72.410 Applied Speech Science (3) - Applied speech science is the study of acoustic phonetics, speech physiology and the processes by which listeners perceive speech. In particular, this course will emphasize the application of this knowledge to the clinical evaluation of both normal and disordered speech via the use of various types of speech analysis instrumentation. Prerequisites: 50.366, 54.106, 72.220.

72.430 / 72.530 Fundamentals of Audiology (3) - Discussion of the anatomy and physiology of the auditory system and the role of hearing in the development of speech and language. The course will provide a synopsis of diagnostic and habilitation/rehabilitation audiologic principles. Prerequisites: 90 credit hours. Three hours lecture per week.

72.460 Psycholinguistics (3) - This course presents the study of language as a psychological phenomenon. Course content focuses on language comprehension and production processes, speech perception, memory and cognition. Application of psycholinguistic concepts to communication disorders is discussed. Prerequisite: 72.240.

72.468 Speech Habilitation in the Schools (3) - Examines the profession of speech-language pathology in a school setting as it interfaces with the other school-related disciplines. It emphasizes facilitation of communication among the disciplines.

72.480 Internship in Speech-Language Pathology (3-6) - This course provides opportunities for students to job shadow an ASHA certified speech-language pathologist in an educational or health care setting. Students gain practical experiences as observers and/or assistants to professionals. Experiences facilitate integration of undergraduate coursework in speech pathology with professional activities in the field. Prerequisite: 90 credits or junior standing.

72.482 Internship in Audiology (3-6) - Students gain practical experience by working in clinical or school settings as observers and aides to ASHA certified audiologists engaged in providing clinical services. Students select sites with the collaboration of the course instructor and contract to complete a variety of learning activities at the site. Prerequisite: Completion of Junior year or permission of instructor.

72.492 72.592 Workshop in Audiology and/or Speech Pathology (1-6) - Focuses on contemporary trends, topics, and problems in the fields of audiology or speech pathology. Guest lecturers, resource speakers, team teaching, field experience and practicum, new media and technologies and related techniques and methodologies are included.

72.493, 72.593 Workshop in Audiology and/or Speech Pathology (1-6) - Focuses on contemporary trends, topics, and problems in the fields of audiology or speech pathology. Guest lecturers, resource speakers, team teaching, field experience and practicum, new media and technologies and related techniques and methodologies are included.

72.494, 72.594 Workshop in Audiology and/or Speech Pathology (1-6) - Focuses on contemporary trends, topics, and problems in the fields of audiology or speech pathology. Guest lecturers, resource speakers, team teaching, field experience and practicum, new media and technologies and related techniques and methodologies are included.

72.530 Fundamentals of Audiology (3) - Discussion of the anatomy and physiology of the auditory system and the role of hearing in the development of speech and language. The course will provide a synopsis of diagnostic and habilitation/rehabilitation audiologic principles. Prerequisite: Must have 90 credits.

72.550 Aphasia (3) - This course focuses on primary disorders of language in adults associated with brain damage with emphasis on aphasias. Etiologies and characteristics of aphasias, including language and non-language functions, are discussed. Principles and methods of prevention, assessment, intervention and counseling are presented. Prerequisite: Graduate Enrollment in Speech Pathology.

72.552 Language Disorders in Preschool Age Children (3) -This course extends the study of normal language acquisition to identify developmental language delays, disorders, and differences in young children (Birth to 5). Language characteristics of diverse clinical populations are discussed. Principles and methods of assessment and intervention are presented. Family, cultural, and educational issues are addressed. Prerequisite: Graduate Enrollment in Speech Pathology.

72.554 Fluency Disorders (3) - The course will cover the development, diagnosis, and treatment of fluency disorders including stuttering, cluttering, and neurogenic, psychogenic, and language based disfluencies. Emphasis is placed on stuttering in children and adults. Prerequisite: Graduate Enrollment in Speech Pathology.

72.556 Disorders of Phonology and Articulation (3) - This course examines phonetic and language-based disorders of articulation/phonology. Emphasis is placed on the identification, description, and remediation of phonological disorders. Phonological process and distinctive feature based systems of analysis will be presented along with traditional assessment procedures. Interventions will include traditional phonetic approaches, language-based, constructivistic, and other cognitive approaches. Prerequisite: Graduate Enrollment in Speech Pathology.

72.558 Clinical Practicum and Professional Issues in Speech-Language Pathology I (3) - This first in-house clinic course prepares students in all aspects of clinical management to serve individuals with communication and swallowing disorders in the Bloomsburg University Speech, Language, and Hearing Clinic and off-campus sites. Students acquire necessary knowledge and skills in preparation for their field experiences in the professional community. Prerequisite(s): Graduate Enrollment in Speech Pathology.

72.560 Voice Disorders (3) - This course provides an overview of the diagnosis and clinical management of functional and organic voice disorders. Prerequisite: Graduate Enrollment in Speech Pathology.

72.562 Language Disorders in School Age Children (3) - This course extends the study of normal language acquisition through adolescents and explores effects of language disorders on academic performance, especially literacy skills. Principles and methods of classroom-based assessment and intervention are presented. Cultural and educational issues are addressed. Prerequisite: Graduate Enrollment in Speech Pathology.

72.564 Craniofacial Disorders (3) - This course provides an overview of craniofacial disorders with emphasis on cleft lip and/or palate and velopharyngeal inadequacy (VPI). An understanding of anatomy and physiology of the craniofacial complex, embryological development, and etiological factors are presented. The effects of cleft lip and/or palate and VPI on speech, hearing, and language are described. Procedures for diagnosis and treatment of communication disorders and related management issues will be discussed. Prerequisite: Graduate Enrollment in Speech Pathology

72.565 Motor Speech Disorders (3) - This course focuses on neuromotor speech disorders in children and adults with emphasis on dysarthrias. Etiologies and characteristics of dysarthrias, including articulation, resonation, phonation, and respiration are discussed. Principles and methods of prevention, assessment, intervention, and counseling are presented. Prerequisite: Graduate Enrollment in Speech Pathology.

72.566 Clinical Practicum and Professional Issues in Speech-Language Pathology II (3) - This second in-house clinic course prepares students in all aspects of clinical management to serve individuals with communication and swallowing disorders in the Bloomsburg University Speech, Language, and Hearing Clinic and off-campus sites. Students acquire necessary knowledge and skills in preparation for their field experiences in the professional community. Prerequisite: Graduate Enrollment in Speech Pathology.

72.568 Speech Habilitation in the Schools (3) - Examines the profession of speech-language pathology in a school setting as it interfaces with the other school-related disciplines. It emphasizes facilitation of communication among the disciplines.

72.570 Cognitive-Based Language Disorders (3) - This course focuses on secondary disorders of language in adults with emphasis on disorders of right cerebral hemisphere damage, dementia, and schizophrenia. Etiologies and characteristics of adult disorders, including language and non-language symptoms are discussed. Principles and methods of prevention, assessment, and intervention are presented. Prerequisite: Graduate enrollment in Speech Pathology.

72.572 Augmentative and Alternative Communication (3) - This course focuses on augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) modalities and assistive technologies for individuals with significant disabilities of speaking and writing. Students acquire skills in evaluation, intervention, and prescriptions of AAC for diverse disability populations across the life span. Trends, issues, and challenges related to AAC in various settings are emphasized. Prerequisite: Graduate enrollment in Speech Pathology.

72.574 Clinical Instrumentation in Speech Pathology (1) - This course will provide the student with background information and experience with advanced clinical instrumentation used in the assessment and treatment of patients with speech, voice, and swallowing disorders. In addition, clinical experiences applying clinical instrumentation discussed in these lectures will also be implemented whenever possible. Prerequisite: Graduate enrollment in Speech Pathology

72.576 Clinical Practicum and Professional Issues in Speech-Language Pathology III (3) - This third in-house clinic course prepares students in all aspects of clinical management to serve individuals with communication and swallowing disorders in the Bloomsburg University Speech, Language, and Hearing Clinic and off-campus sites. Students acquire necessary knowledge and skills in preparation for their field experiences in the professional community. Prerequisite: Graduate Enrollment in Speech Pathology.

72.580 Traumatic Brain Injury (3) - This course focuses on the nature, epidemiology, neurological and neurobehavioral sequelae of traumatic brain injuries in children and adults. Linguistic, cognitive, and social aspects of communication are emphasized. Principles and methods of prevention, assessment and intervention are presented. Medical management, educational and community re-entry, and counseling issues are addressed. Prerequisite: Graduate Enrollment in Speech Pathology.

72.582 Research in Speech - Language Pathology (3) - The evaluation and application of clinical and non-clinical research methodologies to the investigation of problems encountered in speech-language pathology. Prerequisite: Graduate Enrollment in Speech Pathology

72.583 Swallowing Disorders (3) - This course entitled Swallowing Disorders is comprised of a series of lectures and clinical examples dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of patients with swallowing disorders. Prerequisite: Graduate Enrollment in Speech Pathology

72.584 Field Experience in Speech-Language Pathology I (3) - Field experiences extend preparation of students in all aspects of clinical management to serve individuals with communication and swallowing disorders at external sites within the professional community. Students acquire necessary knowledge and skills required for entry level practice in the profession. Prerequisite(s): Graduate Enrollment in Speech Pathology. Minimum grade no lower that B- in Clinical III.

72.586 Field Experience in Speech-Language Pathology II (3) - See course description for 72.584.

72.590 Independent Study and Research (3) - Permits students to work under close faculty guidance on library study of specified areas or on individual research projects when particular needs cannot be met by registration in regularly scheduled courses.

72.591 Independent Study and Research (3) - See course description for 72.590.

72.592 Workshop in Audiology and/or Speech Pathology (3) - Focuses on contemporary trends, topics, and problems in the fields of audiology or speech pathology. Guest lecturers, resource speakers, team teaching, field experience and practicum, new media and technologies and related techniques and methodologies are included.

72.593 Workshop in Audiology and/or Speech Pathology (3) - See course description for 72.592.

72.594 Workshop in Audiology and/or Speech Pathology (3) - See course description for 72.592

72.599 Thesis (3) -Opportunity to employ accepted methods of educational research in the solution or intensive study of some problem area of interest or concern. The problem area selected for the research project must be related to Speech Pathology.

72.600 Diagnostic Audiology I: Assessment of Auditory Sensitivity and Speech Perception (3) - This course includes the procedures for determination of auditory sensitivity via air conduction, bone conduction, and in the sound field. Detailed procedures for assessment of speech perception are also included. Interpretation of test results to determine the presence, degree, and type of hearing loss will be discussed. All the equipment and procedural variables that can affect test results will be presented.

72.601 Aural Rehabilitation for Adults (3) - A study of all the related aspects of provision of aural rehabilitation services to adults with hearing loss. Includes such topics as models of aural rehabilitation, assessment and management, auditory training, speech-reading, auditory-visual integration, effective communication strategies, speech conservation, and deaf culture.

72.602 Hearing Science I (3) - Basic properties of simple and complex sounds, sound measurement, and sound propagation will be reviewed. The classical psychophysical procedures for detection of auditory thresholds will be demonstrated. Loudness perception, frequency selectivity, and temporal processing in the auditory system will be discussed.

72.603 Internship: Clinical Methods/Practicum in Audiology I (3) - The Speech, Hearing, and Language Clinic of Bloomsburg University is an integral part of the teaching-training program of the Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology. The clinic provides outpatient diagnostic and therapeutic services for persons of all ages with speech, hearing, and language problems, including students and other members of the college community and residents of the Bloomsburg area. It serves as an extension of the classroom where students can apply and study evaluation procedures, therapeutic methods, techniques and materials, and the classification and etiology of speech and hearing disorders. The clinic provides the student with an opportunity to relate text and lecture information to actual clinical cases under the close supervision of certified staff. Students gain experience in all aspects of remediation - diagnosis, therapy, counseling, report writing - with a wide variety of clients. The clinic is necessary and inseparable from the existing course sequence. It becomes an important step in the development of a competent clinician, linking the classroom and theory with the clinical experiences, certification, and employment in the field. Internships are carried out within the Speech, Hearing and Language Clinic at Bloomsburg University.

72.604 Hearing Aids: Theoretical and Technical Considerations (3) - The theoretical and technical aspects of hearing aid fitting to include psychoacoustics, acoustics, speech perceptions, compression strategies, real ear data, fitting formulas, acoustic modification, digital processing, and electroacoustic measurements will be considered.

72.605 Diagnostic Audiology II: Acoustic Immittance, Site of Lesion and Pseudohypacusis (3) - A comprehensive study of a variety of site of lesion tests. The course will cover acoustic immittance measures including tympanometry and acoustic reflex measures for detection of middle ear disorders and site of lesions in the auditory pathway. Other site of lesion tests include threshold and suprathreshold tone decay, loudness recruitment, loudness balance, Short Increment Sensitivity Index, Bekesy tests and brief tone audiometry. Test for detection of nonorganic hearing loss will be discussed. Prerequisites: Admission to and good standing in the AuD program.

72.606 Electronics and Instrumentation in Audiology (3) - for solving practical equipment problems and understand the operation of equipment used in clinical practice and hearing services.

72.607 Internship: Clinical Methods/Practicum in Audiology I (3) - The Speech, Hearing, and Language Clinic of Bloomsburg University is an integral part of the teaching-training program of the Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology. The clinic provides outpatient diagnostic and therapeutic services for persons of all ages with speech, hearing, and language problems, including students and other members of the college community and residents of the Bloomsburg area. It serves as an extension of the classroom where students can apply and study evaluation procedures, therapeutic methods, techniques and materials, and the classification and etiology of speech and hearing disorders. The clinic provides the student with an opportunity to relate text and lecture information to actual clinical cases under the close supervision of certified staff. Students gain experience in all aspects of remediation - diagnosis, therapy, counseling, report writing - with a wide variety of clients. The clinic is necessary and inseparable from the existing course sequence. It becomes an important step in the development of a competent clinician, linking the classroom and theory with the clinical experiences, certification, and employment in the field. Internships are carried out within the Speech, Hearing and Language Clinic at Bloomsburg University.

72.608 Evaluation and Treatment of Tinnitus (3) - The purpose of this course is to teach the theoretical basis and clinical implications on the prevalence, etiology, evaluation, and treatment of tinnitus.

72.609 Theoretical and Clinical Masking (3) - The neurophysiologic and acoustic basis of auditory masking will be explored. Historical and subsequent chronological development of masking techniques will be presented. Practical training in using masking in clinical audiometry and interpretation of test results will be offered.

72.610 Auditory Problems in Children (3) - Congenital and acquired hearing impairment in children is examined with special emphasis on problems of differential diagnosis. Educational and social implication of hearing impairment in children is discussed in conjunction with appropriate habilitative procedures.

72.611 Internship: Clinical Methods/Practicum in Audiology I (3) - The Speech, Hearing, and Language Clinic of Bloomsburg University is an integral part of the teaching-training program of the Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology. The clinic provides outpatient diagnostic and therapeutic services for persons of all ages with speech, hearing, and language problems, including students and other members of the college community and residents of the Bloomsburg area. It serves as an extension of the classroom where students can apply and study evaluation procedures, therapeutic methods, techniques and materials, and the classification and etiology of speech and hearing disorders. The clinic provides the student with an opportunity to relate text and lecture information to actual clinical cases under the close supervision of certified staff. Students gain experience in all aspects of remediation - diagnosis, therapy, counseling, report writing - with a wide variety of clients. The clinic is necessary and inseparable from the existing course sequence. It becomes an important step in the development of a competent clinician, linking the classroom and theory with the clinical experiences, certification, and employment in the field. Internships are carried out within the Speech, Hearing and Language Clinic at Bloomsburg University

72.620 Assistive Listening Devices (3) - The study of auditory, visual, and vibrotactile receptive communication technologies designed to meet the needs of deaf and hard of hearing individuals. Emphasis will be placed on needs assessment, selection, evaluation, and verification process.

72.621 Hearing Science II (3) - This course will include the following aspects of auditory perception: Pitch Perception, space perception, auditory patterns and object perception, speech perception. Practical applications of psychoacoustic phenomena will also be discussed. Prerequisites: Admission to and good standing in the AuD program and 72.602.

72.622 Aural Habilitation and Rehabilitation for Children (3) - A study of all the related aspects of provision of aural rehabilitation services to children with hearing loss. Includes such topics as models of information processing during communication, development of auditory speech and language skills in children with hearing loss, provision of effective counseling and guidance to families, provision of assessment and intervention services for the development of speech and language skills, speech conservation and deaf culture.

72.623 Internship: Clinical Methods/Practicum in Audiology I (3) - The Speech, Hearing, and Language Clinic of Bloomsburg University is an integral part of the teaching-training program of the Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology. The clinic provides outpatient diagnostic and therapeutic services for persons of all ages with speech, hearing, and language problems, including students and other members of the college community and residents of the Bloomsburg area. It serves as an extension of the classroom where students can apply and study evaluation procedures, therapeutic methods, techniques and materials, and the classification and etiology of speech and hearing disorders. The clinic provides the student with an opportunity to relate text and lecture information to actual clinical cases under the close supervision of certified staff. Students gain experience in all aspects of remediation - diagnosis, therapy, counseling, report writing - with a wide variety of clients. The clinic is necessary and inseparable from the existing course sequence. It becomes an important step in the development of a competent clinician, linking the classroom and theory with the clinical experiences, certification, and employment in the field. Internships are carried out within the Speech, Hearing and Language Clinic at Bloomsburg University.

72.624 Hearing Aids: Clinical Considerations and Fitting Practices (3) - Clinical consideration and fitting practices will be analyzed and evaluated. This will include practical use and clinical application of acoustic modification and prescription methods in fitting hearing aids. Considerations for the evaluation, selection, and fitting of hearing aids for adults and children. The benefits of bilateral vs. monaural amplification and the verification of instrument gain measurements.

72.625 Clinical Neuroanatomy of Auditory, Visual and Somatosensory Systems (3) - This is a clinical neuroanatomy course specific to the structures of the auditory, visual, and somatosensory systems. It is the second course in a sequence of three courses specific to these systems. (Neurophysiology, neuroanatomy and clinical physiological methods in audiology). This course will familiarize the student with the structures in the auditory, visual, and somatosensory systems. Neurophysiology will be reviewed to integrate the structure with system failure (disease process, mechanical manipulation) in each area.

72.626 Internship: Clinical Methods/Practicum in Audiology I (3) - The Speech, Hearing, and Language Clinic of Bloomsburg University is an integral part of the teaching-training program of the Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology. The clinic provides outpatient diagnostic and therapeutic services for persons of all ages with speech, hearing, and language problems, including students and other members of the college community and residents of the Bloomsburg area. It serves as an extension of the classroom where students can apply and study evaluation procedures, therapeutic methods, techniques and materials, and the classification and etiology of speech and hearing disorders. The clinic provides the student with an opportunity to relate text and lecture information to actual clinical cases under the close supervision of certified staff. Students gain experience in all aspects of remediation - diagnosis, therapy, counseling, report writing - with a wide variety of clients. The clinic is necessary and inseparable from the existing course sequence. It becomes an important step in the development of a competent clinician, linking the classroom and theory with the clinical experiences, certification, and employment in the field. Internships are carried out within the Speech, Hearing and Language Clinic at Bloomsburg University.

72.627 Central Auditory Processing Disorders (3) - This course describes various aspects of central auditory processing and disorders. Students learn about the underlying processes of auditory processing in the central nervous system. They are provided with a review of several evaluation and remediation approaches used in the management of clients with central auditory disorders.

72.628 Geriatric Audiology (3) - A study of all the age-related changes in aging and its impact on diagnostic and rehabilitative services to older clients in audiology. Detailed study of age-related changes in the auditory system and its impact on hearing. Age-related changes in other sensory systems and physiological systems will be reviewed. Special procedures for provision of audiological services to the older adult will be discussed.

72.629 Personal and Interpersonal Implications of Aural Habilitation/Rehabilitation (3) - Examine the impact of aural habilitation/rehabilitation on the individual and in a social context as well as psychosocial function. Application of aural habilitation/rehabilitation techniques for the individual and significant others.

72.630 Internship: Clinical Methods/Practicum in Audiology I (3) - The Speech, Hearing, and Language Clinic of Bloomsburg University is an integral part of the teaching-training program of the Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology. The clinic provides outpatient diagnostic and therapeutic services for persons of all ages with speech, hearing, and language problems, including students and other members of the college community and residents of the Bloomsburg area. It serves as an extension of the classroom where students can apply and study evaluation procedures, therapeutic methods, techniques and materials, and the classification and etiology of speech and hearing disorders. The clinic provides the student with an opportunity to relate text and lecture information to actual clinical cases under the close supervision of certified staff. Students gain experience in all aspects of remediation - diagnosis, therapy, counseling, report writing - with a wide variety of clients. The clinic is necessary and inseparable from the existing course sequence. It becomes an important step in the development of a competent clinician, linking the classroom and theory with the clinical experiences, certification, and employment in the field. Internships are carried out within the Speech, Hearing and Language Clinic at Bloomsburg University.

72.635 Clinical Physiological Methods in Audiology: ABR, EcochG (3) - Study of the Electrophysiology techniques used to assess and diagnose cochlear and retrocochlear pathology and brainstem, spinal and serve integrity. Review of theories and clinical applications of auditory brainstem evoked potentials, electrocochleography, SSEP and VEP.

72.636 Professional Ethics and Cultural Diversity (3) - Issues related to ethical development and practice in the field of audiology as well as multicultural sensitivity.

72.637 Medical Audiology (3) - Basic and advanced principles in medical diagnostic audiology including anatomy and physiology of the system, disorders of the system, radiology and functional brain imaging, pharmacology, genetics, medical treatment, and diagnosis.

72.638 Clinical Externship/Residency I, (3-6) - An integral part of the teaching-training program is to have the student transition to hospitals; ENT practices, audiology practices, and medical clinics. This will enable the student to gain experience with a diverse population of clients (age, gender, pathology, social/economic, and race), equipment, and clinical/medical procedures. It is the bridge between the theoretical experience and being prepared for the workplace. The Council for Academic Accreditation requires that specific contact hours must be completed across five categories and two age groups. The total number of contact hours in these categories and age groups will be 2,000 to 3,000 hours. These hours must be acquired in three distinct sites or work environments and there must be a full-time 12-month residency experience. The clinical experience in this sequence of courses will be a graded transition. The first experience (538, 542, 546) will be half time external with academic courses. Experiences 547-548 will be full-time external. This will ensure the diversity and hours needed to be prepared for employment, licensure, and certification.

72.639 Evaluation and Management of Balance Disorders (3) - To teach the anatomy and physiology of balance and the vestibular system, differential diagnostic procedures such as electronystagmography, posturography and rotational testing, and the rehabilitation of the balance disordered patient.

72.640 Cochlear, Auditory Brainstem and Middle Ear Implants: Assessment and Management (3) - Implantation is a complex biomedical achievement. The audiologist's role is extremely important in the field. Their role includes understanding biological safety, development of implant program, medical evaluation, audiological evaluation and treatment, surgery, design of implant, programming the processor, benefits and risks, and ethical issues.

72.641 Research in Audiology (3) - The application of clinical and non-clinical research literature to the solution of diagnostic and treatment of problems encountered in the general practice of Audiology.

72.642 Clinical Externship/Residency II, (3-6) - An integral part of the teaching-training program is to have the student transition to hospitals; ENT practices, audiology practices, and medical clinics. This will enable the student to gain experience with a diverse population of clients (age, gender, pathology, social/economic, and race), equipment, and clinical/medical procedures. It is the bridge between the theoretical experience and being prepared for the workplace. The Council for Academic Accreditation requires that specific contact hours must be completed across five categories and two age groups. The total number of contact hours in these categories and age groups will be 2,000 to 3,000 hours. These hours must be acquired in three distinct sites or work environments and there must be a full-time 12-month residency experience. The clinical experience in this sequence of courses will be a graded transition. The first experience (538, 542, 546) will be half time external with academic courses. Experiences 547-548 will be full-time external. This will ensure the diversity and hours needed to be prepared for employment, licensure, and certification.

72.643 Hearing Conservation (3) - Problems and programs of hearing conservation in public institutions and industries examined with special emphasis on legislation and medico-legal questions. Role and function of the public health and industrial audiologist is examined.

72.644 Issues and Perspectives in Audiological Practices (3) - Topics related to the professional practice of audiology including establishing a private practice, reimbursement, quality assurance, professional malpractice, marketing, business management, and the planning, organization, financing, and delivery of hearing health care.

72.645 Educational Audiology (3) - This course deals with the diagnostic and rehabilitative aspects of Audiology in the educational setting. The effects of hearing loss on speech and language development, the use of amplification in the schools, and educational audiology alternatives and models are examined.

72.646 Clinical Externship/Residency III, (3-6) - An integral part of the teaching-training program is to have the student transition to hospitals; ENT practices, audiology practices, and medical clinics. This will enable the student to gain experience with a diverse population of clients (age, gender, pathology, social/economic, and race), equipment, and clinical/medical procedures. It is the bridge between the theoretical experience and being prepared for the workplace. The Council for Academic Accreditation requires that specific contact hours must be completed across five categories and two age groups. The total number of contact hours in these categories and age groups will be 2,000 to 3,000 hours. These hours must be acquired in three distinct sites or work environments and there must be a full-time 12-month residency experience. The clinical experience in this sequence of courses will be a graded transition. The first experience (538, 542, 546) will be half time external with academic courses. Experiences 547-548 will be full-time external. This will ensure the diversity and hours needed to be prepared for employment, licensure, and certification.

72.647 Clinical Externship/Residency IV, (3-6) - An integral part of the teaching-training program is to have the student transition to hospitals; ENT practices, audiology practices, and medical clinics. This will enable the student to gain experience with a diverse population of clients (age, gender, pathology, social/economic, and race), equipment, and clinical/medical procedures. It is the bridge between the theoretical experience and being prepared for the workplace. The Council for Academic Accreditation requires that specific contact hours must be completed across five categories and two age groups. The total number of contact hours in these categories and age groups will be 2,000 to 3,000 hours. These hours must be acquired in three distinct sites or work environments and there must be a full-time 12-month residency experience. The clinical experience in this sequence of courses will be a graded transition. The first experience (538, 542, 546) will be half time external with academic courses. Experiences 547-548 will be full-time external. This will ensure the diversity and hours needed to be prepared for employment, licensure, and certification.

72.648 Clinical Externship/Residency V, (3-6) - An integral part of the teaching-training program is to have the student transition to hospitals; ENT practices, audiology practices, and medical clinics. This will enable the student to gain experience with a diverse population of clients (age, gender, pathology, social/economic, and race), equipment, and clinical/medical procedures. It is the bridge between the theoretical experience and being prepared for the workplace. The Council for Academic Accreditation requires that specific contact hours must be completed across five categories and two age groups. The total number of contact hours in these categories and age groups will be 2,000 to 3,000 hours. These hours must be acquired in three distinct sites or work environments and there must be a full-time 12-month residency experience. The clinical experience in this sequence of courses will be a graded transition. The first experience (538, 542, 546) will be half time external with academic courses. Experiences 547-548 will be full-time external. This will ensure the diversity and hours needed to be prepared for employment, licensure, and certification.

72.699 Dissertation (3) - Opportunity to employ accepted methods of educational research in the solution or intensive study of some problem area of interest or concern. The problem area selected for the research project must be related to Audiology.